Selected Bibliography
International summits texts:
“Ocean Fertilization: a scientific summary for policy makers, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO, 2010
“Scientific Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Fertilization on Marine Biodiversity”, CBD Technical Series No.45, Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 2009
Scientific debate on the efficiency of carbon sequestration:
Blain, S., Quéguiner, B., Armand, L., et al. (2007). Effect of natural iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean, Nature, Vol 446.
Boyd, P. W. (2008). Implications of large scale iron fertilization of the oceans. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, Vol 354:213–218.
De Baar, H.J.W., Gerringa, L.J.A., Laan, P., Timmermans, K.R., Efficiency of carbon removal per added iron in ocean iron fertilization in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 269-282.
DFO. 2010. Ocean Fertilization: Mitigating Environmental Impacts of Future Scientific Research. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2010/012.
Jones, I.S.F. , Harrison, D.P. The Enhancement of Marine Productivity for Climate Stabilization and Food Security (2013) Handbook of Microalgal Culture: Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, pp. 692-703.
Markels M., Jr., Barber, R.T. The sequestration of carbon dioxide to the deep ocean by fertilization (2000) ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints, 45 (4), pp. 782-785.
Smetacek, V. et al. (2012) Deep carbon export from a Southern Ocean iron-fertilized diatom bloom. Nature, 487, 313-319. doi:10.1038/nature11229.
Waite, A.M., Johnson, D., Critical space scales for aggregation-mediated carbon export from ocean fertilization in Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30 (13), pp. 23-1.
Scientific debate on side effects and their measurement:
Allsopp, Michelle et al. “A scientific critique of oceanic iron fertilization as a climate change mitigation strategy” Greenpeace Research Laboratories Technical Note 07/2007, September 2007.
Cullen, J.J., Boyd, P.W., Predicting and verifying the intended and unintended consequences of large-scale ocean iron fertilization in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 295-301.
Gnanadesikan, A., Sarmiento, J.L., Slater, R.D., Effects of patchy ocean fertilization on atmospheric carbon dioxide and biological production in Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2003, 17 (2), pp. 19-1.
Hernández-León, S. et al. (2010) Carbon sequestration and zooplankton lunar cycles: Could we be missing a major component of the biological pump? Limnology and Oceanography, 55(6) 2503-2512.
Hyatt, K.D. McQueen D.J. Shortreed K.S. Rankin D.P. (2004) Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) nursery lake fertilization: Review and summary of results.Environmental Reviews, 12(3), 133-162.
Jin, X., and N. Gruber (2003), Offsetting the radiative benefit of ocean iron fertilization by enhancing N2O emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2249.
Liss, P., Chuck, A., Bakker, D., Turner, S., Ocean fertilization with iron: Effects on climate and air quality in Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 2005, 57 (3), pp. 269-271.
Oschlies, A., Koeve, W., Rickels, W., Rehdanz, K., Side effects and accounting aspects of hypothetical large-scale Southern Ocean iron fertilization in Biogeosciences, 2012, 7 (12), pp. 4014-4035.
Powell, Hugh. “What Are the Possible Side Effects? The uncertainties and unintended consequences of manipulating ecosystems” in Oceanus magazine, Vol. 8, n° 1, Jan 2008.
Silver, M.W., Bargu, S., Coale, S.L., (...), Bruland, K.W., Coale, K.H., Toxic diatoms and domoic acid in natural and iron enriched waters of the oceanic Pacific in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107 (48), pp. 20762-20767.
Trick, C.G., Bill, B.D., Cochlan, W.P., (...), Trainer, V.L., Pickell, L.D., “Iron enrichment stimulates toxic diatom production in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll areas” in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107 (13), pp. 5887-5892.
Tsung-Hung Peng, Broecker, W.S., Factors limiting the reduction of atmospheric CO2 by iron fertilization, in [No source information available], 1991.
Steinberg, D.K. et al. (2008) A comparison of mesopelagic mesozooplankton community structure in the subtropical and subarctic North Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II, 55, 1615-1635.
Experiment related papers
Aumont, O., Bopp, L., “Globalizing results from ocean in situ iron fertilization studies” in Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2006, 20 (2), GB2017.
Neufeld, Z., Haynes, P.H., Garçon, V., Sudre, J., “Ocean fertilization experiments may initiate a large scale phytoplankton bloom” in Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29 (11), pp. 29-1 – 29-4.
Sarmiento, J.L., Orr, J.C., Three-dimensional simulations of the impact of Southern Ocean nutrient depletion on atmospheric CO2 and ocean chemistry in [No source information available], 1991.
Stevens, C., Ward, B., Law, C., Walkington, M. Surface layer mixing during the SAGE ocean fertilization experiment in Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2011, 58 (6), pp. 776-785.
Waite, A.M., Johnson, D., "Critical space scales for aggregation-mediated carbon export from ocean fertilization in Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30 (13), pp. 23-1.
Commercial implications
Rickels, W., Rehdanz, K., Oschlies, A. Economic prospects of ocean iron fertilization in an international carbon market in Resource and Energy Economics, 2012, 34 (1), pp. 129-150
Strong, A.L., Cullen, J.J., Chisholm, S.W., Ocean fertilization: Science, policy, and commerce in Oceanography, 2009, 22 (SPL.ISS. 3), pp. 236-261.
Ethical issues
Clive Hamilton: Earthmasters, The dawn of the age of Climate Engineering, Yale University Press New Heaven and London, 2013
ETC Group, Geopiracy. The case against geoengineering. October 2010.
http://www.etcgroup.org/
Hale, B., Dilling, L. Geoengineering, Ocean fertilization, and the problem of permissible pollution (2011) Science Technology and Human Values, 36 (2), pp. 190-212.
Orbach, M.K., Cultural context of ocean fertilization in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 235-242.
Beyond ocean fertilization: climate engineering
Lampitt, R.S., Achterberg, E.P., Anderson, T.R., (...), Smythe-Wright, D., Yool, A., Ocean fertilization: A potential means of geoengineering? in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2008, 366 (1882), pp. 3919-3945
Lan, C., Wang, B. Microalgae for biofuel production and Co2 sequestration, 2012, pp. 1-168.
Lenton, T.M., Vaughan, N.E., The radiative forcing potential of different climate geoengineering options in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2009, 9 (15), pp. 5539-5561.
Lockwood, D., Geoengineering test fuels debate, in Chemical and Engineering News, 2012, 90 (51), pp. 26-27.
Huesemann, M.H. Ocean fertilization and other climate change mitigation strategies: An overview in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 243-250.
Singh, U.B., Ahluwalia, A.S., Microalgae: A promising tool for carbon sequestration in Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2013, 18 (1), pp. 73-95.
Williamson, P., Wallace, D.W.R., Law, C.S., (...), Takeda, S., Vivian, C., Ocean fertilization for geoengineering: A review of effectiveness, environmental impacts and emerging governance in Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2012, 90 (6), pp. 475-488.
Zeebe, R.E., Archer, D., Feasibility of ocean fertilization and its impact on future atmospheric CO2 levels” in Geophysical Research Letters, 2005, 32 (9), pp. 1-5.
Other related issues
Freestone, D., Rayfuse, R., Ocean iron fertilization and international law in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 227-233.
Kintisch, E., Climate change: Rules for ocean fertilization could repel companies in Science, 2008, 322 (5903), pp. 835.
Parks, N., Ocean fertilization-time to regulate? in Environmental science & technology, 2008, 42 (3), pp. 651-652.
Rayfuse, R., Lawrence, M.G., Gjerde, K.M., “Ocean fertilisation and climate change: The need to regulate emerging high seas uses” in International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 2008, 23 (2), pp. 297-326.
Tollefson, J. UN decision puts brakes on ocean fertilization in Nature, 2008, 453 (7196), pp. 704.
Urban, E., Haag, F., Organizations urge caution on ocean fertilization experiments in Eos, 2008, 89 (19), pp. 17.
Verlaan, P., Marine scientific research: Its potential contribution to achieving responsible high seas governance in International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 2012, 27 (4), pp. 805-81.
“Ocean Fertilization: a scientific summary for policy makers, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO, 2010
“Scientific Synthesis of the Impacts of Ocean Fertilization on Marine Biodiversity”, CBD Technical Series No.45, Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, 2009
Scientific debate on the efficiency of carbon sequestration:
Blain, S., Quéguiner, B., Armand, L., et al. (2007). Effect of natural iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean, Nature, Vol 446.
Boyd, P. W. (2008). Implications of large scale iron fertilization of the oceans. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, Vol 354:213–218.
De Baar, H.J.W., Gerringa, L.J.A., Laan, P., Timmermans, K.R., Efficiency of carbon removal per added iron in ocean iron fertilization in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 269-282.
DFO. 2010. Ocean Fertilization: Mitigating Environmental Impacts of Future Scientific Research. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Sci. Advis. Rep. 2010/012.
Jones, I.S.F. , Harrison, D.P. The Enhancement of Marine Productivity for Climate Stabilization and Food Security (2013) Handbook of Microalgal Culture: Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, pp. 692-703.
Markels M., Jr., Barber, R.T. The sequestration of carbon dioxide to the deep ocean by fertilization (2000) ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints, 45 (4), pp. 782-785.
Smetacek, V. et al. (2012) Deep carbon export from a Southern Ocean iron-fertilized diatom bloom. Nature, 487, 313-319. doi:10.1038/nature11229.
Waite, A.M., Johnson, D., Critical space scales for aggregation-mediated carbon export from ocean fertilization in Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30 (13), pp. 23-1.
Scientific debate on side effects and their measurement:
Allsopp, Michelle et al. “A scientific critique of oceanic iron fertilization as a climate change mitigation strategy” Greenpeace Research Laboratories Technical Note 07/2007, September 2007.
Cullen, J.J., Boyd, P.W., Predicting and verifying the intended and unintended consequences of large-scale ocean iron fertilization in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 295-301.
Gnanadesikan, A., Sarmiento, J.L., Slater, R.D., Effects of patchy ocean fertilization on atmospheric carbon dioxide and biological production in Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2003, 17 (2), pp. 19-1.
Hernández-León, S. et al. (2010) Carbon sequestration and zooplankton lunar cycles: Could we be missing a major component of the biological pump? Limnology and Oceanography, 55(6) 2503-2512.
Hyatt, K.D. McQueen D.J. Shortreed K.S. Rankin D.P. (2004) Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) nursery lake fertilization: Review and summary of results.Environmental Reviews, 12(3), 133-162.
Jin, X., and N. Gruber (2003), Offsetting the radiative benefit of ocean iron fertilization by enhancing N2O emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2249.
Liss, P., Chuck, A., Bakker, D., Turner, S., Ocean fertilization with iron: Effects on climate and air quality in Tellus, Series B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 2005, 57 (3), pp. 269-271.
Oschlies, A., Koeve, W., Rickels, W., Rehdanz, K., Side effects and accounting aspects of hypothetical large-scale Southern Ocean iron fertilization in Biogeosciences, 2012, 7 (12), pp. 4014-4035.
Powell, Hugh. “What Are the Possible Side Effects? The uncertainties and unintended consequences of manipulating ecosystems” in Oceanus magazine, Vol. 8, n° 1, Jan 2008.
Silver, M.W., Bargu, S., Coale, S.L., (...), Bruland, K.W., Coale, K.H., Toxic diatoms and domoic acid in natural and iron enriched waters of the oceanic Pacific in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107 (48), pp. 20762-20767.
Trick, C.G., Bill, B.D., Cochlan, W.P., (...), Trainer, V.L., Pickell, L.D., “Iron enrichment stimulates toxic diatom production in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll areas” in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010, 107 (13), pp. 5887-5892.
Tsung-Hung Peng, Broecker, W.S., Factors limiting the reduction of atmospheric CO2 by iron fertilization, in [No source information available], 1991.
Steinberg, D.K. et al. (2008) A comparison of mesopelagic mesozooplankton community structure in the subtropical and subarctic North Pacific Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II, 55, 1615-1635.
Experiment related papers
Aumont, O., Bopp, L., “Globalizing results from ocean in situ iron fertilization studies” in Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2006, 20 (2), GB2017.
Neufeld, Z., Haynes, P.H., Garçon, V., Sudre, J., “Ocean fertilization experiments may initiate a large scale phytoplankton bloom” in Geophysical Research Letters, 2002, 29 (11), pp. 29-1 – 29-4.
Sarmiento, J.L., Orr, J.C., Three-dimensional simulations of the impact of Southern Ocean nutrient depletion on atmospheric CO2 and ocean chemistry in [No source information available], 1991.
Stevens, C., Ward, B., Law, C., Walkington, M. Surface layer mixing during the SAGE ocean fertilization experiment in Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2011, 58 (6), pp. 776-785.
Waite, A.M., Johnson, D., "Critical space scales for aggregation-mediated carbon export from ocean fertilization in Geophysical Research Letters, 2003, 30 (13), pp. 23-1.
Commercial implications
Rickels, W., Rehdanz, K., Oschlies, A. Economic prospects of ocean iron fertilization in an international carbon market in Resource and Energy Economics, 2012, 34 (1), pp. 129-150
Strong, A.L., Cullen, J.J., Chisholm, S.W., Ocean fertilization: Science, policy, and commerce in Oceanography, 2009, 22 (SPL.ISS. 3), pp. 236-261.
Ethical issues
Clive Hamilton: Earthmasters, The dawn of the age of Climate Engineering, Yale University Press New Heaven and London, 2013
ETC Group, Geopiracy. The case against geoengineering. October 2010.
http://www.etcgroup.org/
Hale, B., Dilling, L. Geoengineering, Ocean fertilization, and the problem of permissible pollution (2011) Science Technology and Human Values, 36 (2), pp. 190-212.
Orbach, M.K., Cultural context of ocean fertilization in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 235-242.
Beyond ocean fertilization: climate engineering
Lampitt, R.S., Achterberg, E.P., Anderson, T.R., (...), Smythe-Wright, D., Yool, A., Ocean fertilization: A potential means of geoengineering? in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2008, 366 (1882), pp. 3919-3945
Lan, C., Wang, B. Microalgae for biofuel production and Co2 sequestration, 2012, pp. 1-168.
Lenton, T.M., Vaughan, N.E., The radiative forcing potential of different climate geoengineering options in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2009, 9 (15), pp. 5539-5561.
Lockwood, D., Geoengineering test fuels debate, in Chemical and Engineering News, 2012, 90 (51), pp. 26-27.
Huesemann, M.H. Ocean fertilization and other climate change mitigation strategies: An overview in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 243-250.
Singh, U.B., Ahluwalia, A.S., Microalgae: A promising tool for carbon sequestration in Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2013, 18 (1), pp. 73-95.
Williamson, P., Wallace, D.W.R., Law, C.S., (...), Takeda, S., Vivian, C., Ocean fertilization for geoengineering: A review of effectiveness, environmental impacts and emerging governance in Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2012, 90 (6), pp. 475-488.
Zeebe, R.E., Archer, D., Feasibility of ocean fertilization and its impact on future atmospheric CO2 levels” in Geophysical Research Letters, 2005, 32 (9), pp. 1-5.
Other related issues
Freestone, D., Rayfuse, R., Ocean iron fertilization and international law in Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008, 364, pp. 227-233.
Kintisch, E., Climate change: Rules for ocean fertilization could repel companies in Science, 2008, 322 (5903), pp. 835.
Parks, N., Ocean fertilization-time to regulate? in Environmental science & technology, 2008, 42 (3), pp. 651-652.
Rayfuse, R., Lawrence, M.G., Gjerde, K.M., “Ocean fertilisation and climate change: The need to regulate emerging high seas uses” in International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 2008, 23 (2), pp. 297-326.
Tollefson, J. UN decision puts brakes on ocean fertilization in Nature, 2008, 453 (7196), pp. 704.
Urban, E., Haag, F., Organizations urge caution on ocean fertilization experiments in Eos, 2008, 89 (19), pp. 17.
Verlaan, P., Marine scientific research: Its potential contribution to achieving responsible high seas governance in International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law, 2012, 27 (4), pp. 805-81.